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Why is lead harmful?

Lead is a highly toxic metal that was used for many years in products found in and around our homes. Lead may cause a range of health effects, from behavioral problems and learning disabilities, to seizures and death.  Children 6 years old and under are most at risk, because their bodies are growing quickly.

Research suggests that the primary sources of lead exposure for most children are:

  • deteriorating lead-based paint,

  • lead contaminated dust, and

  • lead contaminated residential soil.

Federal Regulations for Lead

Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act (Title X): Developed a comprehensive federal strategy for reducing lead paint hazard exposure.  Provided the authority for the following regulations by amending the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) to include Tiltle IV (Lead Exposure Reduction).

National Lead Laboratory Accreditation Program (405(b)): Establishes protocols, criteria, and minimum performance standards for laboratory analysis of lead in paint, dust, and soil.

Training & Certification Program for Lead-Based Paint Activities (402/404): Ensures that individuals conducting lead-based paint abatement, risk assessment, or inspection are properly trained and certified, that training programs are accredited, and that these activities are conducted according to reliable, effective and safe work practice standards.

Pre-Renovation Education Rule (406(b)): Ensures that owners and occupants of most pre-1978 housing are provided information concerning potential hazards of lead-based paint exposure before certain renovations are begun on that housing.

Disclosure Rule (1018): Requires disclosure of known lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint hazards by persons selling or leasing housing constructed before the phase out of residential lead-based paint use in 1978.


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